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Prove Goldbach's "Weak" Conjecture
9/14/2009 6:42PM EST
I think I have a proof of the Goldbach Conjecture. It uses a manipulation of Chebyshev's minimum number of primes up to any n. The result is 7/8(n/ln n-1) is the minimum number of primes up to any integer n. I can do the proof without it, but it is an improvement. Can anyone help me with whether or not it is correct?
9/18/2009 6:18PM EST
I came up with a way to prove the Goldbach Conjecture using the fact that
all composites are eliminated using the prime factors up to the square root
of n. Here it is:
It was proved in 1989 by Chen and Wang that all even integers past 3.33*10^43000 are the sums of two primes. Based on the fact that all composite integers are divisible by at least one prime, I have devised a special process to eliminate enough composites. The formula is 1/pi-[(1/pi)(1/pi-1)]<[7/8(1/(ln n)-1)], where pi is the ith prime and pi-1 is the prime immediately preceding the ith prime. First, all even integers except 2 are composite. So, about half of all the integers up to any n are composite. Next, every third integer is divisible by 3. This means that ½-(1/2)(1/3)=1/3 of the integers are left after all integers divisible by 3 are eliminated. And every fifth integer is divisible by 5. The same formula is used 1/3-(1/3)(1/5)=5/15-1/15=4/15. Each succeeding prime is plugged in the equation in an analogous manner. So, 4/15-(4/15)(1/7)=28/105-4/105=24/105; 24/105-(24/105)(1/11)=275/1155-24/1155=251/1155; 251/1155-(251/1155)(1/13)=
3263/15015-251/15015=3012/15015; 3012/15015-(3012/15015)(1/17)=51204/255255-(51204/255255)(1/19)=972876/4849845-(972876/4849845)(1/23)=22376148/111546435-972876/111546435=21403272/111546435; 21403272/111546435-(21403272/111546435)(1/29)=
620694888/3234846615-21403272/3234846615=599291616/3234846615; 599291616/3234846615-
(599291616/3234846615)(1/31)=18578040096/100280245065-(599291616/100280245065)=
17978748480/100280245065;
Chebyshev proved that the minimum number of primes for any n is (7/8) (n/ln n). Using 100, 1000, 10000, and 100000 as examples for n will demonstrate that the Chebyshev minimum for primes will not decrease below the formula for composites above. The natural logarithm of 100 is approximately equal to 4.605. So, (7/8)(n/(ln n -1))=(7/8)(100/3.605)=(7/8)(0.277392)=24.27. The composite formula is less than the Chebyshev minimum for 100 (0.277392) at 4/15=0.266667. The prime numbers up to 5
generated 4/15, but 100 has the possible prime factors 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, and 97. Eliminating all the composites up to the square root will
evidently eliminate all of the composites. This appears to prove the Goldbach Conjecture. For example,
for n equal to the even integer 102, the possible 6x-1 and 6x+1 primes are as follows:
5 97
7 95
11 91
13 89
17 85
19 83
23 79
25 77
29 73
31 71
35 67
37 65
41 61
43 59
47 55
49 53
About 1/5 of the remaining integers will be divisible by 5 and about 1/7 will be divisible by 7. Since the
Square root of 100 is 10 and the last prime before 10 is 7, all the integers left after the pairs with one integer or both integers divisible by 5 and 7 are eliminated will be prime pairs. After 25, 35, 49, 55, 65, 77, 85, 91, and 95 are eliminated, below is what is left:
5 97
13 89
19 83
23 79
29 73
31 71
41 61
43 59
All remaining are prime pairs as expected.
9/21/2009 5:19PM EST
I think I have come up with an improvement for my proof of the Goldbach Conjecture.
It is based on the fact that there cannot be any primes -2 from the left side of the pairs of odd integers that are prime because that will cause a prime pair, which is all that is required to prove the Goldbach Conjecture.
Here is an example:
1 x
3 x
5 x
7 P
9 x
11 2*(10^
Although the first few odd integers are prime, it will still be required
that 4 of the 5 odd integers above be composite because the next
even integer (n+2) will cause prime pairs. Using Chebyshev's minimum
(7/8)(n/(ln n-1)), we can prove Goldbach's Conjecture for any n. For close
to the sufficient maximum for the proof by Chen and Wang, we can subtract the minimum number of primes on the left hand side from the
odd integers on the right hand side to improve my proof of the Goldbach
Conjecture. Here is one example, using n/2=10^43,000+1:
The natural logarithm of 10^43,000+1 is approximately 43,000*2.302=98,986. This means there are a minimum of
7/8( 10^43,000+1/98,985) primes up to n/2. This must be subtracted from the odd integers on the right hand side n-n/2, which is [(2*(43,000+1))-(10^43,000+1)]/2. The minimum number of
primes is (7/8)[(2*(10^43,000+1))/ln (2*(10^43,000+1))-1]-
(7/8)[(10^43,000+1)/ln (10^43,000+1)-1]. Using the formula in the
previous post (1/pi-[(1/pi)(1/pi-1)]<[7/8(1/(ln n)-1)]) should eliminate enough composites.
5/12/2010 7:21PM EST
Estermann in 1938 proved that almost all even numbers are the sums of two primes. Vinogradov in 1954 proved that all sufficiently large odd integers are the sums of three odd primes. The sufficiently large
N has been reduced to 3.33x10^43000. All this information is available
on the website mathworld.wolfram.com.
Arranging the 6x+1 and 6x-1 integers that add to any even integer can be used to evidently prove the Goldbach Conjecture as follows: All the integers on the left side can be reduced to prime numbers. Since Bertrand's Postulate states that there are always at least two primes between n and 2n, there are always at least two primes between (n-1)/2 and 2n (49 and 98). Since 49 and 98 is approximately the right hand side of the list, there are always two primes to prove the Goldbach Conjecture by making two prime pairs adding up to any even integer.
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Prize ID Number: ZHJ3IYZ2B Prize Author: MrCarrot Prize Organizer: MrCarrot Date Started: December 12, 2007 Open for Revisions Until: October 07, 2010 02:31 PM EST
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